The Impact of Zakat, Infaq, and Sadaqah (ZIS) Fund Distribution by Dompet Dhuafa's Free Healthcare Program and Government Expenditures on the Human Development Index (HDI) in South Sumatra Through Average School Year

Abstract

Indonesia needs to improve its Human Development Index (HDI), including South Sumatra. In 2014-2019, government expenditure increased, raising hopes for improvements in the HDI. As an organization that receives and manages Zakat, Infaq, and Shadaqah (ZIS) funds, Dompet Dhuafa implements the Layanan Kesehatan Cuma-cuma (LKC/Free Healthcare Service) program, which has served thousands of patients in South Sumatra. Meanwhile, according to a publication by the Badan Pusat Statistik/BPS (2024), HDI has several dimensions measured through specific indicators. One of which is the Average Years of Schooling. This study aims to analyze the direct and indirect relationships between Government Expenditure and Layanan Kesehatan Cuma-cuma, on the HDI through the Average Years of Schooling. Using Eviews 9 software, based on the Sobel test, the values obtained for each variable are <1.96, so it can be interpreted that Average Years of Schooling is not a significant mediator for the independent variables on the dependent variable. Then, in the Path Analysis Test, in the F-test, each model has a p-value <0.05, so the independent variables simultaneously affect the dependent variable in each model. Meanwhile, in the Determination Coefficient Test, each model has an adjusted R-squared value of 0.95 and 0.94, so it strongly explains the variation in the dependent variable influenced by the independent variables. Government Expenditure (X1) and Layanan Kesehatan Cuma-cuma (X2 directly affects the HDI (Y) and also indirectly through Average School Years (M).

Keywords: Government Expenditures, Layanan Kesehatan Cuma-Cuma, Average School Year, HDI, Education